Around 240,000 artifacts discovered at an archaeological site in Moose Jaw, Sask., are shedding light on the extensive human history in the Wakamow Valley. Presentations showcasing the latest findings were delivered by archaeologists at the Moose Jaw library last month.
Bill Strongarm, a member of the Touchwood Agency Tribal Council and a senator with the Federation of Sovereign Indigenous Nations, expressed contentment over the discovery of the site and its artifacts, emphasizing its sacred significance. The site served as a camping ground for the Saulteaux and Assiniboine peoples en route to the Cypress Hills in southwest Saskatchewan, where they likely rested, replenished supplies, and some even stayed through the winter.
Strongarm emphasized that these artifacts represent just a fraction of the narratives awaiting further exploration regarding Indigenous communities. He envisions the establishment of a heritage center to safeguard this significant area for future generations.
The artifacts, which include stone and bone tools such as projectile points, scrapers, awls, and knives, some crafted from bison bones, span both pre- and post-European contact periods. Alan Kojejbo, a senior archaeologist at Respect Heritage Consulting, highlighted the diverse array of discoveries, noting the presence of plant and pottery evidence, which is particularly rare in southern Saskatchewan.
The pottery findings, initially thought to originate from Missouri, have now been traced back to regions in southern Manitoba, Ontario, and Minnesota through detailed analysis. Examination of plant residue on the artifacts revealed the cultivation of wild rice, beans, corn, and squash, indicating a potential agricultural aspect unique to this Saskatchewan site.
Despite the remarkable findings, questions remain unanswered, such as the origin of the corn and beans – through trade or local cultivation. The artifacts have been transferred to the Royal Saskatchewan Museum for further examination to deepen the understanding of this site’s historical significance.
Both Strongarm and Kojejbo expressed pride and satisfaction in the discoveries, underscoring the importance of these sites in affirming Indigenous presence and heritage on the continent.